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                  <text>Painted in 1495, Vittore Carpaccio's "Dream of Saint Ursula" is a part of his series depicting the tale of Saint Ursula, titled "Stories from the Life of Saint Ursula". "Dream of Saint Ursula" was Carpaccio's fifth painting out of a total of eight in the series, and continued his tendency to paint religious scenery. &#13;
&#13;
The legend of Saint Ursula from the north was very popular throughout the Middle Ages, and Carpaccio was commissioned by the Confraternity of Saint Ursula in Venice to tell her story. The legend describes Saint Ursula, a martyr who led 11,000 virgin maidens through travel, all of whom were brutally massacred by the Huns in Cologne. &#13;
&#13;
"The Dream of Saint Ursula" in particular depicts Saint Ursula in her bed, and is meant to show her dreaming of the angel who informs Saint Ursula of her impending death and martyrship. Carpaccio is widely praised for his close attention to detail, which he demonstrates magnificently in this painting, showing the room with beautiful ceilings, plants on the windows, a dog laying next to the bed, and the shadowy  figures around the room that cast a mysterious and dreamy vibe throughout the painting. </text>
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                  <text>Carpaccio, Vittore, 1455?-1525?. c.1495. Legend of St. Ursula: Dream of St. Ursula: det.: windows. https://library-artstor org.proxy.lib.duke.edu/asset/ARTSTOR_103_41822001712643&#13;
&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926.&#13;
&#13;
Ruskin, John. Saint Ursula: I. The Story of St. Ursula. II. The Dream of St. Ursula. Duke Libraries . New York: The Devin-Adair Company, 1912. Det:https://find.library.duke.edu/catalog/DUKE008071078?utm_campaign=bento&amp;utm_content=bento_result_link&amp;utm_source=library.duke.edu&amp;utm_medium=referral&#13;
&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926&#13;
&#13;
Gronau, Georg. "An Unknown Work by Vittore Carpaccio." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 44, no. 251 (1924): 59-65. Accessed September 8, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/862109.&#13;
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&#13;
Rodini, Elizabeth. "The Politics of Marriage in Carpaccio's St. Ursula Cycle." Early Modern Women 8 (2013): 85-117. Accessed September 7, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23617847.&#13;
Brown, P., 1988. Venetian Narrative Painting In The Age Of Carpaccio. New Haven: Yale University Press, pp.56-69.&#13;
Kren, E. and Marx, D., 2020. The Dream Of St Ursula By CARPACCIO, Vittore. [online] Wga.hu. Available at: &lt;https://www.wga.hu/html_m/c/carpacci/1ursula/2/50dream.html&gt; [Accessed 7 September 2020].&#13;
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&#13;
Carpaccio, Vittore, 1455?-1525?. c.1495. Legend of St. Ursula: Dream of St. Ursula. https://library.artstor.org/asset/ARTSTOR_103_41822000556629.</text>
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                <text>Rhea Niyyar</text>
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                <text>Hall XXI, Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy</text>
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                <text>This oil painting is the fifth in Vittore Carpaccio’s "Stories from the Life of St Ursula," commissioned by a scuola piccola called the Sculoa di San’Orsola to be displayed in their meeting house where prayer and devotion often occurred. A relatively young painter at the time, Carpaccio proved himself with these eight paintings, telling the story of a virgin Saint Ursula and her eleven thousand companions and depicting an early version the Venetian eyewitness style of painting cycles. &#13;
&#13;
In the “Dream of Saint Ursula” painting specifically, Carpaccio shows off his expert attention to detail. He depicts an angel visiting Ursula in her dream to inform her about her death in the future as she sleeps in her canopied bed. Most of the light comes from behind the angel, indicating that he is coming from the heavens. However, the angel casts quite a dark shadow, which is symbolic of the heavy news he brings to Ursula, which contrasts heavily with her cushy lifestyle and the vibrant colors in her bedroom. Carpaccio also uses soft shadows quite well to highlight the luxury of Ursula’s bedroom, bathing her slippers, crown, and the rest of the contents of her room in a light glow. The attention to detail is also illustrated by the objects that he places in Ursula’s room, such as the carnations and myrtle, which symbolize earthly and heavenly love, and the holy image, both of which demonstrate her commitment to religion.  &#13;
&#13;
This painting also offers insight into the perception of marriage in early modern Venice. The staging of the painting pulls the focus onto Ursula and her bedroom by making the space feel enclosed through the lack of views out. The depiction of her dream in an enclosed setting with the focus on her supports the ideology that women should only be viewed and perceived in more intimate spaces. It gives credence to the idea that women and their doings should be protected from the outside world rather than out and in the open like how men conduct themselves, which is also represented in the architectural landscape of Venice. However, Elizabeth Rodini also notes that in the dream scene, Ursula is tightly confined in her bed, a matrimonial one at that, with only her head able to be seen clearly, which seems to indicate that even in situations where the focus is on her, Ursula is still relatively powerless and confined. &#13;
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                  <text>Painted in 1495, Vittore Carpaccio's "Dream of Saint Ursula" is a part of his series depicting the tale of Saint Ursula, titled "Stories from the Life of Saint Ursula". "Dream of Saint Ursula" was Carpaccio's fifth painting out of a total of eight in the series, and continued his tendency to paint religious scenery. &#13;
&#13;
The legend of Saint Ursula from the north was very popular throughout the Middle Ages, and Carpaccio was commissioned by the Confraternity of Saint Ursula in Venice to tell her story. The legend describes Saint Ursula, a martyr who led 11,000 virgin maidens through travel, all of whom were brutally massacred by the Huns in Cologne. &#13;
&#13;
"The Dream of Saint Ursula" in particular depicts Saint Ursula in her bed, and is meant to show her dreaming of the angel who informs Saint Ursula of her impending death and martyrship. Carpaccio is widely praised for his close attention to detail, which he demonstrates magnificently in this painting, showing the room with beautiful ceilings, plants on the windows, a dog laying next to the bed, and the shadowy  figures around the room that cast a mysterious and dreamy vibe throughout the painting. </text>
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&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926.&#13;
&#13;
Ruskin, John. Saint Ursula: I. The Story of St. Ursula. II. The Dream of St. Ursula. Duke Libraries . New York: The Devin-Adair Company, 1912. Det:https://find.library.duke.edu/catalog/DUKE008071078?utm_campaign=bento&amp;utm_content=bento_result_link&amp;utm_source=library.duke.edu&amp;utm_medium=referral&#13;
&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926&#13;
&#13;
Gronau, Georg. "An Unknown Work by Vittore Carpaccio." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 44, no. 251 (1924): 59-65. Accessed September 8, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/862109.&#13;
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Meeting of the Betrothed Couple &amp;amp; Departure of the Pilgrims&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Meeting of the Betrothed Couple and the Departure of the Pilgrims&lt;/em&gt; is a painting in Vittore Carpaccio's St. Ursula Cycle. Vittore Carpaccio, born in Venice in a family of sea men, learned under Gentile Bellini. He morphed into his own style, portraying and narrating religious scene through paintings. The collection focused on the life and legacy of St. Ursula through all stages, but set in Venice. It was funded by the scuola piccola of Sant' Orsola, which included a diverse membership from all of Venice, including artisans and merchants. According to Elizabeth Rodini, the cycle of St. Ursula dives into the role and complexities of the institution of marriage during this time in Italy [1]. Carpaccio critiques the nature of marriage and how it overly defined the citizens of Venice. Carpaccio depicts in the Meeting of the Betrothed Couple &amp;amp; Departure of the Pilgrims a scene of traditional Venetian betrothal practices. The hair maintanence along with the traveling in gondolas is synonomous with Venice’s wedding practices. The image contains a variety of stories of St. Ursula’s relationship to Prince Etherius, as they are betrothed to one another, then get married, then bid her father goodbye as they embark on their journey. This story, yet set in England, is depicted in the marine city of Venice, Carpaccio’s homeland. This is due to his devotion to the city, which he incorperates into his artworks. Carpaccio utilizes the narrative of St. Ursula to depict the power matrimony has, as marriages impact social status.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[1] Elizabeth Rodini, "The Politics of Marriage in Carpaccio's St. Ursula Cycle," &lt;em&gt;Early Modern Women 8&lt;/em&gt; (2013): 86</text>
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                <text>Brody, Michael J. "Religious Subjects on Sixteenth-Century Deruta Piatti Da Pompa." In Domestic Devotions in Early Modern Italy, edited by Corry Maya, Faini Marco, and Meneghin Alessia, 187-219. LEIDEN; BOSTON: Brill, 2019. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rodini, Elizabeth. "The Politics of Marriage in Carpaccio's St. Ursula Cycle." Early Modern Women 8 (2013): 85-117. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Vittore Carpaccio (Italian, about 1460 - 1526) (Getty Museum).” The J. Paul Getty in Los Angeles. Getty Conservation Research Foundation. Accessed September 4, 2020. http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/artists/790/vittore-carpaccio-italian-about-1460-1526/. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Image Source: &lt;/strong&gt;Vittore Carpaccio. 1495. Scenes from the Life of Saint Ursula. Meeting of the Betrothed Couple and the Departure of the Pilgrims. painting. Place: Gallerie dell'Accademia di Venezia. https://library.artstor.org/asset/SCALA_ARCHIVES_1039488910.</text>
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                <text>Scuola di Sant’Orsola&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Image Source: &lt;/strong&gt;Vittore Carpaccio. 1495. Scenes from the Life of Saint Ursula. Meeting of the Betrothed Couple and the Departure of the Pilgrims. painting. Place: Gallerie dell'Accademia di Venezia. https://library.artstor.org/asset/SCALA_ARCHIVES_1039488910.</text>
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                  <text>Painted in 1495, Vittore Carpaccio's "Dream of Saint Ursula" is a part of his series depicting the tale of Saint Ursula, titled "Stories from the Life of Saint Ursula". "Dream of Saint Ursula" was Carpaccio's fifth painting out of a total of eight in the series, and continued his tendency to paint religious scenery. &#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
"The Dream of Saint Ursula" in particular depicts Saint Ursula in her bed, and is meant to show her dreaming of the angel who informs Saint Ursula of her impending death and martyrship. Carpaccio is widely praised for his close attention to detail, which he demonstrates magnificently in this painting, showing the room with beautiful ceilings, plants on the windows, a dog laying next to the bed, and the shadowy  figures around the room that cast a mysterious and dreamy vibe throughout the painting. </text>
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&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926.&#13;
&#13;
Ruskin, John. Saint Ursula: I. The Story of St. Ursula. II. The Dream of St. Ursula. Duke Libraries . New York: The Devin-Adair Company, 1912. Det:https://find.library.duke.edu/catalog/DUKE008071078?utm_campaign=bento&amp;utm_content=bento_result_link&amp;utm_source=library.duke.edu&amp;utm_medium=referral&#13;
&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926&#13;
&#13;
Gronau, Georg. "An Unknown Work by Vittore Carpaccio." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 44, no. 251 (1924): 59-65. Accessed September 8, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/862109.&#13;
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                  <text>Ithika Senthilnathan</text>
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                <text>This painting is eight of nine paintings of Carpaccio's St. Ursula collection that depicts scenes from St. Ursula's life. Carpaccio, most likely a student of Gentile Bellini, formed his own unique style of story telling through narrative paintings.&#13;
&#13;
This particular piece portrays both the martyrdom and funeral of St. Ursula. Notably, on the left half of the painting St. Ursula kneels as she faces her executioner, the chief of the Huns who asked for her hand in marriage and she rejected, with the mass of virgins behind her. He is pointing an arrow at her as she kneels with her hands together in prayer. The painting is balanced with a more solemn composition to the right, opposing the violent scene to the left. Her funeral parade marches out of town in a dignified manner. The two scenes create a complex, but balanced whole. The Venetian background keeps the painting flowing as one.</text>
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                <text>Rodini, Elizabeth. "The Politics of Marriage in Carpaccio's St. Ursula Cycle." Early Modern Women 8 (2013): 85-117. Accessed September 7, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23617847.&#13;
&#13;
“Vittore Carpaccio (Italian, about 1460 - 1526) (Getty Museum).” The J. Paul Getty in Los Angeles. Getty Conservation Research Foundation. Accessed September 4, 2020. http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/artists/790/vittore-carpaccio-italian-about-1460-1526/. &#13;
&#13;
Vittore Carpaccio. 1493. Scenes from the Life of Saint Ursula: Martyrdom of the Pilgrims and the Funeral of Saint Ursula. paintings. Place: Gallerie dell'Accademia di Venezia, Venice, Italy, Cat. no. 580. https://library.artstor.org/asset/SCALA_ARCHIVES_1039614872.&#13;
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                <text>Scuola di Sant'Orsola </text>
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                  <text>Painted in 1495, Vittore Carpaccio's "Dream of Saint Ursula" is a part of his series depicting the tale of Saint Ursula, titled "Stories from the Life of Saint Ursula". "Dream of Saint Ursula" was Carpaccio's fifth painting out of a total of eight in the series, and continued his tendency to paint religious scenery. &#13;
&#13;
The legend of Saint Ursula from the north was very popular throughout the Middle Ages, and Carpaccio was commissioned by the Confraternity of Saint Ursula in Venice to tell her story. The legend describes Saint Ursula, a martyr who led 11,000 virgin maidens through travel, all of whom were brutally massacred by the Huns in Cologne. &#13;
&#13;
"The Dream of Saint Ursula" in particular depicts Saint Ursula in her bed, and is meant to show her dreaming of the angel who informs Saint Ursula of her impending death and martyrship. Carpaccio is widely praised for his close attention to detail, which he demonstrates magnificently in this painting, showing the room with beautiful ceilings, plants on the windows, a dog laying next to the bed, and the shadowy  figures around the room that cast a mysterious and dreamy vibe throughout the painting. </text>
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                  <text>Carpaccio, Vittore, 1455?-1525?. c.1495. Legend of St. Ursula: Dream of St. Ursula: det.: windows. https://library-artstor org.proxy.lib.duke.edu/asset/ARTSTOR_103_41822001712643&#13;
&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926.&#13;
&#13;
Ruskin, John. Saint Ursula: I. The Story of St. Ursula. II. The Dream of St. Ursula. Duke Libraries . New York: The Devin-Adair Company, 1912. Det:https://find.library.duke.edu/catalog/DUKE008071078?utm_campaign=bento&amp;utm_content=bento_result_link&amp;utm_source=library.duke.edu&amp;utm_medium=referral&#13;
&#13;
Wood, Allyn. "The Departure of Saint Ursula (As Painted by Carpaccio) [Poem]." College Art Journal 18, no. 3 (1959): 240. Accessed September 8, 2020. doi:10.2307/773926&#13;
&#13;
Gronau, Georg. "An Unknown Work by Vittore Carpaccio." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 44, no. 251 (1924): 59-65. Accessed September 8, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/862109.&#13;
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                  <text>The University of California, San Diego</text>
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                  <text>Ithika Senthilnathan</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The Dream of St. Ursula is a single painting in Vittore Carpaccio’s series called the St. Ursula Cycle. Carpaccio was a Venetian native who most likely learned under Gentile Bellini who heavily influenced the way he created works for various scuole, which were charitable organizations that were dedicated to particular saints. He is best known for his narrative cycles that lined the meeting halls of the scuole. This entire collection, particularly, was commissioned and funded by the Scuola piccolo and chronicles the life of St. Ursula from her engagement to her martyrdom.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In this particular image, Carpaccio depicts St. Ursula laying in her bed dreaming of her martyrdom as an angel visits her through the door. A few features to note are the fact that she is by herself in the scene, except for the angel, and there are numerous tight walls, shutters, and windows with no view outside. These features coalesce to make the room seem cloistered and closed off from the world. This pictorial staging echoes Carpaccio’s style of situating male activity in a public space and female activity in a private space. It is also reflective of the societal norm that respectable women confine and govern the home. The gender differences noted in this work are indicative of the gender differences that govern the urban landscape of Venice.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;“Carpaccio, Vittore.” &lt;i&gt;Benezit Dictionary of Artists&lt;/i&gt;, 2011, doi:10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00032555.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vittore Carpaccio. 1495. Scenes from the Life of Saint Ursula. Saint Ursula's Dream. painting. Place: Gallerie dell'Accademia di Venezia. https://library.artstor.org/asset/SCALA_ARCHIVES_1039488911.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Rodini, Elizabeth. "The Politics of Marriage in Carpaccio's St. Ursula Cycle." &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Early Modern Women&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; 8 (2013): 85-117. Accessed September 6, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23617847.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Mason, S., 2000.&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Carpaccio: Major Pictorial Cycles&lt;/i&gt;. Milano: Skira.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                <text>(c) 2006, SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Italian and other European Art (Scala Archives), Gallerie dell'Accademia di Venezia, Venice, Italy&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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